Lisbon · Rivers
Tagus River Map: Tajo, Tejo and the Route to Lisbon
The river beside Lisbon has already crossed a large part of Spain before it reaches Portugal. Its changing name can hide that continuity: the…
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Portugal · Landforms
Douro River Map: Duero, the Border and the Wine Valley
The Douro and Duero are the same river: Douro is its Portuguese name and Duero its Spanish name. It rises in Spain, crosses the…
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Kathmandu · Landforms
Kathmandu Geography: Valley, Rivers and Heritage Map
Kathmandu is a Himalayan capital, but the streets at its center do not sit on a snowy summit. The city occupies a much gentler…
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Niger River · Rivers
Niger River Map: Route, Countries and Two Deltas
The Niger River’s route is easy to misread: it starts in Guinea, curves far into the West African interior, and reaches the Atlantic in…
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Volga River · Lakes
Volga River Map: Course, Tributaries and the Caspian Sea
The Volga flows through European Russia from the Valdai Hills to the Caspian Sea. About 2,193 miles (3,530 kilometers) long, it is Europe's longest…
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Seas & oceans
Why Is the Baltic Sea Brackish? Salinity Explained
The Baltic is a sea, but its water is much less salty than ordinary open-ocean water. The explanation lies in its water budget and…
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Lakes
Lake Victoria: Map, Countries, Depth and Nile Connection
Lake Victoria looks like a single blue shape on a map, but its geography involves three different scales: the lake shared by three countries,…
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Seas & oceans
Why Is the Mediterranean Sea So Salty?
The Mediterranean is connected to the Atlantic, yet much of its water is saltier than the water arriving through Gibraltar. Its salinity reflects the…
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Rivers
Congo River Map: Course, Source, Countries and Basin
The Congo River flows through Central Africa to the Atlantic Ocean. Its upper course is called the Lualaba; farther downstream it passes Kisangani, curves…
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Argentina · Rivers
Paraná River Map: Countries, Tributaries and the Río de la Plata
The Paraná River begins where the Grande and Paranaíba meet in Brazil. It follows stretches of Brazil–Paraguay and Paraguay–Argentina border before continuing through Argentina…
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Countries & regions
Tigris and Euphrates Map: Routes, Countries and Differences
Two rivers dominate the map of Mesopotamia, but their routes are often blurred together. The Tigris passes Baghdad; the Euphrates takes a longer western…
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Colombia · Rivers
Orinoco River Map: Course, Tributaries and the Amazon Connection
The Orinoco River rises in southern Venezuela, curves along part of the Colombian border, and crosses Venezuela toward an Atlantic delta. Its tributaries connect…
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