Missouri · Maps & geography skills
What State Is MO? Missouri Map and Quick Facts
A two-letter address code can identify a state without explaining where it is. Missouri is easiest to place by its neighbors and the two…
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Maps & geography skills
How to Read a Choropleth Map: Rates, Colors and Boundaries
A choropleth map fills geographic areas with colors or shades linked to a numerical value, commonly a rate, percentage or density. The shading summarizes…
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Weather
Weather Fronts Explained: Four Types and Their Map Symbols
A weather front is a transition zone between air masses with contrasting properties, especially temperature. Cold and warm fronts describe one air mass replacing…
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Climate
Köppen Climate Classification: How to Read the Climate Codes
The Köppen climate classification groups places by long-term temperature and precipitation patterns. Its five main groups are tropical, dry, temperate, continental or cold, and…
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GIS & remote sensing
What Is Remote Sensing? Active and Passive Sensors Explained
Remote sensing measures objects or areas from a distance, without direct contact. Passive sensors detect energy reflected or emitted by the scene; active sensors…
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GIS & remote sensing
Raster vs Vector Data: How GIS Represents the World
Raster data divide space into rows and columns of cells, each holding a value. Vector data represent features with coordinate-based geometry, commonly points, lines…
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Coordinates
UTM Coordinates Explained: Zones, Eastings and Northings
UTM coordinates identify a position using a numbered zone, a hemisphere, an easting and a northing, with both grid values expressed in meters. The…
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GIS & remote sensing
What Is GIS? Layers, Data and Geographic Analysis
GIS stands for geographic information system. It combines location-based data with tools for storing, checking, analyzing and displaying that information. A map is one…
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Maps & geography skills
How to Read a Map: Scale, Symbols and Contour Lines
Read a map’s legend, north reference, scale and contours together, then test the method on an original fictional valley with checked answers.
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United States · Weather
White Christmas Probability Map: Historical U.S. Snow Odds
Explore a White Christmas probability map based on NOAA data, with historical snow-cover odds for 24 U.S. stations. Learn what the numbers mean, not…
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Weather
Lake-Effect Snow Belt Map: Great Lakes Regions Explained
Explore representative Great Lakes snowbelts in the United States and Canada, with an original locator map, regional key and wind-fetch diagram.
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GIS & remote sensing
Remote Sensing Quiz: 20 Earth Observation Questions
Take this remote sensing quiz to test how observations become evidence about Earth. Work through 20 questions on sensors, image resolution and interpretation, with…
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